{"id":6233,"date":"2019-04-11T00:41:03","date_gmt":"2019-04-11T00:41:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/moevarua.com\/plastics-in-yellow-tunas-and-their-prey-along-the-coast-of-rapa-nui\/"},"modified":"2026-02-18T00:16:02","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T00:16:02","slug":"plastics-in-yellow-tunas-and-their-prey-along-the-coast-of-rapa-nui","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/moevarua.com\/en\/plastics-in-yellow-tunas-and-their-prey-along-the-coast-of-rapa-nui\/","title":{"rendered":"Plastics in Yellow Tunas and their prey along the coast of Rapa Nui"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/fondo.jpg\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1980px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1980\/2564;\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #e73d20;\"><strong>Plastics in Yellow Tunas and their prey along the coast of Rapa Nui<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Atun.png\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1500px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1500\/456;\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u00a9 Photo by Nicol\u00e1s Ory<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tunas are one of the most emblematic fish of Rapa Nui: they have provided food to the Rapanui people for centuries, and are now a delicacy that tourists from all around the world can enjoy when visiting the island.<\/p>\n<p>These large predatory fish, the heaviest of which can weight several hundreds of kilograms are mostly fished by angling barehanded, a traditional fishing technique that has been used for centuries in Rapa Nui. This art of fishing is physically challenging and requires a perfect knowledge of the fish\u2019s ecology and feeding behaviour; this is why artisanal fishing has been sustainable for centuries in Rapa Nui.<\/p>\n<p>However, the intensive fishing of tunas by large fishing vessels in the open ocean is currently jeopardizing the sustainability of the population of tunas in the south Pacific and, in turn, the ecological and economic health of Rapa Nui.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/mesoplastico.png\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 317px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 317\/308;\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u00a9 Photo by<br \/>Jaime Aburto<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The presence of plastic litter abundant in the waters around the coast of Rapa Nui is another threat for the fragile ecosystem of the island. Plastics do not originate locally: large items, such as buoys, cooler boxes and ropes, are discarded by large factory ships cruising offshore the island. Other plastic items of common use come from the surrounding continents.<\/p>\n<p>Indeed, once at sea, floating plastic items can be transported over large distances by winds and currents within oceanic gyres at the centre of which they accumulate in very large quantities. During the time plastics float at sea, they fragment into smaller pieces under the combined effects of sunlight, temperature, chemical degradation and mechanical abrasion.<\/p>\n<p>In the centre of the South Pacific Gyre, close to Rapa Nui, small broken plastic fragments of various sizes, from several centimetres (meso-plastics) to millimetres (micro-plastics), are very abundant and commonly ingested by many marine organisms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #ee7402;\">Microplastics are transfered to the predator<br \/>from<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #ee7402;\">their prey, but rae readily egested<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Dibujo-Micropl\u00e1stico.jpg\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 968px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 968\/368;\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #ee7402;\">Tunas directly capture mesoplastics,<br \/>wich acumulate in the fish&#8217;s gut.<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Dibujo-Mesopl\u00e1tico.jpg\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1167px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1167\/450;\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In a previous article in Moe Varua, I presented the results of another study during which we had found that juvenile <em>Ature<\/em> fish (amber stripe scad; Decapterus muroadsi) had ingested preferentially blue micro-plastics similar in size, shape and colour as their small planktonic prey.<\/p>\n<p>Experiments conducted in the laboratory at the Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte at Coquimbo in Chile revealed that micro-plastics(1mm long) ingested by juveniles of the Palm ruff fish (Seriolella violacea) remained on average one week, and up to seven weeks, in the fish\u2019s gut.<\/p>\n<p>These results suggest that, under natural conditions, micro-plastics can stay long enough in a prey to be transferred to a predator that would eat and digest the prey.<\/p>\n<p>Para saber si los micropl\u00e1sticos son transferidos a los atunes a trav\u00e9s sus presas, hemos analizados el tracto digestivo de 50 <em>Kahi ave ave<\/em> (yellow fin tuna, Thunnus albacares) and 43 <em>Hahave<\/em> (flying fish, Cheilopogon rapanouiensis), one of the most common prey of the tuna, captured along the coast of Rapa Nui by fishermen <em>Hanga Piko<\/em> y <em>Hanga Roa<\/em> in 2015 y 2016.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"588\" data-id=\"6135\" src=\"https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/PreyInTuna_RapaNui2017FOTOnory.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6135\" srcset=\"https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/PreyInTuna_RapaNui2017FOTOnory.png 1000w, https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/PreyInTuna_RapaNui2017FOTOnory-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/PreyInTuna_RapaNui2017FOTOnory-768x452.png 768w, https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/PreyInTuna_RapaNui2017FOTOnory-600x353.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"354\" height=\"391\" data-id=\"6127\" data-src=\"https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Microplastico.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6127 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Microplastico.png 354w, https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Microplastico-272x300.png 272w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 354px) 100vw, 354px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 354px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 354\/391;\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><\/figure>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">We found micro-plastics in seven out of the 43 <em>Hahave<\/em> analysed. As found previously in <em>Ature<\/em>, a majority of the micro-plastics found in the <em>Hahave<\/em> were blue, similar in colour and size as small planktonic prey of the fish in the area This result confirms that planktivorous fish often ingest small plastic fragments.<\/p>\n<p>A single micro-plastic was found in the stomach of a Kahi ave ave meaning that, if micro-plastics are transferred to the tuna by their prey, small particles probably do not accumulate in the gut of such large fish. A single Kahi ave ave had three larger plastic fragments, between 15 and 26 mm long, in its stomach.<\/p>\n<p>These were probably ingested accidentally by the fish rather than transferred from its prey, which are too small to ingest such large items. These larger plastics presumably are too large to pass through the gut of a tuna, and they may thus remain in the stomach for a long time, potentially harming the fish. Nevertheless, only one out of the 50 tunas analysed had ingested meso-plastics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/moevarua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/pescador-photo-Jaime-Aburto.jpg\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1980px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1980\/2564;\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u00a9 Photo by<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"> Jaime Aburto<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Plastic contamination seems thus to not be an imminent threat for the populations of tunas along the coast of Rapa Nui, especially when compared with the impacts of overfishing by large vessel fleets offshore Rapa Nui. However, these encouraging results should not lessen the dramatic social, economic and ecological effects of micro-plastic contamination for Rapa Nui.<\/p>\n<p>There could be other, still unknown, effects of plastics on the fishes from Rapa Nui. For example, larvae or small juvenile fishes might be affected by ingestion of plastics. Significant efforts must be achieved in the a r e a s where the contamination originates to prevent plastic litter to enter the ocean and, subsequently, reach the shores of Rapa Nui.<\/p>\n<p>Initiatives to reduce plastic consumption, to encourage re-usable items, and to better manage plastic waste must be taken on urgently, both at an international and a national level. Also, laws to ban the discard of plastic litter at sea by fishing boats need to be implemented by, for example, monitoring plastic items before and after a fishing campaign, and sanctioning offenders.<\/p>\n<p>All these efforts to stop plastic contamination are essential in order to get our oceans clean again.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tunas are one of the most emblematic fish of Rapa Nui: they have provided food to the Rapanui people for centuries, and are now a delicacy that tourists from all around the world can enjoy when visiting the island.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6137,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"iawp_total_views":20,"footnotes":""},"categories":[136],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6233","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-living-nature"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Plastic in Yellow Tunas on the Rapa Nui Coast - moeVarua Rapa Nui<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Plastics in Tunas and their prey are discovered on the shores of Rapa Nui. 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